There are too many camera types and codecs to do this post justice, so I’m trying to address the general ideas here rather than specifics.
I still love proxies
You’ll recall one of the big reasons [I bought a Canon C200 over an Ursa Mini Pro] was due to the ability to shoot sidecar proxies. It is so much easier to transfer files and edit with a lightweight codec and then reconform later. See
DAM Digital Asset Managers
You’ll also here these referred to more specifically for our field as MAMs (media asset managers).